Table of Contents

  1. The Geometric Mean as a Limit
  2. Power Mean Bound for the Geometric Mean
  3. Power Mean Inequality
  4. The Integral Analogs

The Geometric Mean as a Limit

对非负实数 $ x_ {k}, k = 1, 2, \ldots, n $,和非负重量值 $ p_ {k}, k = 1, 2, \ldots, n $ 且 $ p_ {1} + p_ {2} + \cdots + p_ {n} = 1 $,其有极限

$ \lim_ {t \to 0} \{ \sum^{n}_ {k=1}p_ {k}x^{t}_ {k} \}^{\frac{1}{t}} = \prod^{n}_ {k=1}x^{p_ {k}}_ {k} $

Power Mean Bound for the Geometric Mean

对任意非负重量值 $ p_ {k}, k = 1, 2, \ldots, n $ 且 $ p_ {1} + p_ {2} + \cdots + p_ {n} = 1 $ 且对任意非负实数 $ x_ {k}, k = 1, 2, \ldots, n $,有边界

$ \prod^{n}_ {k=1}x^{p_ {k}}_ {k} \le \{ \sum^{n}_ {k=1}p_ {k}x^{t}_ {k} \}^{\frac{1}{t}} \quad \forall t > 0 $

Power Mean Inequality

正重量值 $ p_ {k}, k = 1, 2, \ldots, n $ 有 $ p_ {1} + p_ {2} + \cdots + p_ {n} = 1 $ 且对非负实数 $ x_ {k}, k = 1, 2, \ldots, n $,映射 $ t \mapsto M_ {t}, M_ {t} = \{ \sum^{n}_ {k=1}p_ {k}x^{t}_ {k} \}^{\frac{1}{t}} $ 在 $ \mathbb{R} $ 上是非减函数。则对 $ - \infty < s < t < \infty $ 有

$ \{ \sum^{n}_ {k=1}p_ {k}x^{s}_ {k} \}^{\frac{1}{s}} \le \{ \sum^{n}_ {k=1}p_ {k}x^{t}_ {k} \}^{\frac{1}{t}} $

当且仅当 $ x_ {1} = x_ {2} = \cdots = x_ {n} $ 时等式才成立

The Integral Analogs

设 $ D \subset \mathbb{R} $ 且我们考虑一个重量值函数 $ w : D \to [0, \infty) $ 满足

$ \int_ {D} w(x)dx = 1 $ 且 $ w(x) > 0 \quad \quad \forall x \in D $

则对 $ f : D \to [0, \infty) $ 且 $ t \in (- \infty, 0) \cup (0, \infty) $ 我们用如下公式定义 f 的第 t 个中值

$ M_ {t} = M_ {t}[f; w] \equiv \{ \int_ {D} f^{t}(x) w(x) dx\}^{\frac{1}{t}} $

同时对 $ M_ {0} $ 的特殊情况,我们定义其为

$ M_ {0}[f; w] \equiv exp \left( \int_ {D} \{ \log{f(x)} \} w(x)dx \right) $

则我们有

$ M_ {s}[f; w] \le M_ {t}[f; w] \quad \quad \forall - \infty < s < t < \infty $